What term is used for an error that occurs after the student has been explicitly exposed to the rule?

What term is used for an error that occurs after the student has been explicitly exposed to the rule?

• A. Post-systemic error
• B. Pre-systemic error
• C. Roots
• D. Passive knowledge

Answer: (A)

Post-systemic error refers to a mistake that comes up after the learner has been explicitly shown and exposed to the rule. It shows that the learner has some grasp of the rule but applies it incorrectly in real production, often due to overgeneralization, confusion about the rule’s context, or interference from the first language. For example, after being taught that the past participle is used with have in the present perfect, a learner might say “I have finish” instead of “I have finished.” This demonstrates that the rule is known but not yet correctly applied in form or usage. Pre-systemic errors, by contrast, happen before such rule knowledge is acquired, and passive knowledge or “roots” aren’t about rule-application in production in the same way.

Post-systemic error refers to a mistake that comes up after the learner has been explicitly shown and exposed to the rule. It shows that the learner has some grasp of the rule but applies it incorrectly in real production, often due to overgeneralization, confusion about the rule’s context, or interference from the first language. For example, after being taught that the past participle is used with have in the present perfect, a learner might say “I have finish” instead of “I have finished.” This demonstrates that the rule is known but not yet correctly applied in form or usage. Pre-systemic errors, by contrast, happen before such rule knowledge is acquired, and passive knowledge or “roots” aren’t about rule-application in production in the same way.